根据下面材料，回答题。 The larger a machine and the more numerous its parts, t-考呗网题库移动版

单选题 根据下面材料，回答题。
The larger a machine and the more numerous its parts, the greater likelihood of a breakdown and the more expensive to repair. What has been said about market forces and management was necessarily oversimplified. The economies of modem industrial nations are large and very complex.
To be sure, there is management, and there are market forces at work, but there are also many other factors that help or hinder economic function.
In modern industrial societies, governments play a large role. There is a great amount of regulation, most of it meant for the protection of the public. All regulations affect the way businesses operate, often increasing their costs and reducing their profits. Lower profits, in turn, reduce the amount of money which is known as working capital that a company can use for expansion. Auto emission standards, for instance, have had a significant impact on the manufacture and pricing of automobiles. Other government policies such as taxation, budget deficits, and regulation of the money supply have an effect on how much money is available for people to spend on goods and services.
International crises and other conditions also affect the working of an economy. A severe frost in Brazil can ruin a coffee crop and raise the price of that commodity. War can cut off the supply of such resources as petroleum, chromium, or copper. In the United States environmental protests have slowed the development of nuclear energy capacity and the mining of vast tracts of protected land. Weather affects agriculture, a hot, dry summer can damage the wheat crop; floods can destroy thousands of acres of crops suddenly; and insect pests can devastate cropland with a rapid onslaught.
People's attitudes also have an impact on the marketing of goods. Health-conscious individuals, for example, may stop smoking, curtail their intake of alcohol, and eat less of certain kinds of food. Advertising affects what people buy, and it can create a market where none existed. Style and fashion are significant for many consumers.
There are other economic problems that are more difficult to understand. For centuries economies have been subject to periods of prosperity followed by periods of decline. Although periods of prosperity can be explained rather easily, the reasons for panics, recessions, and depressions are of a complex nature. So many factors contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s, for example, that no economist has ever been able to account for all of them.
Because the causes of decline are uncertain, the remedies are equally uncertain. In the late 20th century all industrialized societies through their governments have tried to stabilize economies, keep them prosperous, and reduce unemployment. None of the remedies has worked to the extent that was hoped. How economies work and what remedies can be found to keep them operating efficiently are the tasks of economists, who must work together with businessmen and politicians.
The chief purpose of the passage is__________.

A．to review the factors that affect economic operation
B．to explore the causes of periodic economic decline
C．to discuss the role governments play in modern industrialized societies
D．to propose remedies for correcting economic recessions

参考答案A

解析: 本文主要从不同的角度来论述在现代化工业国家影响经济运行的各种因素。文章第一段提到，现代工业化国家的经济庞大而复杂，当然，影响其运作的有管理和市场因素，但也有许多其他因素促进或阻碍经济的运作。第二段提到了政府的影响，第三段提到了全球经济危机和其他状况对经济的影响，第四段提到了人们的态度的影响，最后两段提到了其他难以研究的经济问题对经济运作的影响。
【解析】从文章第一段的最后一句以及余下各段的主题句便可得知选项A为正确答案。

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单选题 The "machine" in the first sentence of Paragraph 1 is comparable here to__________.

A．the political system of a nation
B．the economy of a nation
C．the market force
D．the government of a nation

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单选题 The example of auto emission standards is here used to make it clear that__________.

A．it is harmful for a government to interfere with economic matters
B．state policies tend to lower profits and discourage investment
C．regulation may affect business operation by increasing the cost
D．most regulations are not meant for the protection of the public

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单选题 Why is it difficult to explain the onset of economic decline?

A．Because no economist knows everything
B．Because it always follows a period of prosperity
C．Because there are too many reasons behind it
D．Because it is hard to predict when it will be coming

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