根据以下资料，回答题： Like land-考呗网题库移动版

单选题根据以下资料，回答题：
        Like land, labor is means of production．In nonindustrial societies, access to both land and labor comesthrough social links such as kinship, marriage, and descent．Mutual aid in production is merely one aspect ofongoing social relationships that are expressed on many other occasions．
        Nonindustrial societies contrast with industrial nations in regard to another means of production--technology．In bands and tribes manufacturing is often linked to age and gender．Women may weave and men make potteryor vice versa．Most people of a particular age and gender share the technical knowledge associated with that ageand gender．If married women customarily make baskets, most married women know how to make baskets．Neithertechnology nor technical knowledge is as specialized as it is in states．
        However, some tribal societies do promote specialization．Among the Yanomani of Benezuela and Brazil, forinstance, certain villages manufacture clay pots and others make hammocks．They don't specialize, as one mightsuppose, because certain raw materials happen to be available near particular village．Clay suitable for pots iswidely available．Everyone knows how to make pots, but not everybody do~s so．Craft specialization reflects thesocial and political environment rather than the natural environment．Such specialization promotes wade, which isthe first step in creating an alliance with enemy villages．Specialization contributes to keeping the peace, althoughit has not prevented inter-village warfare．
        Among the Trobriand Islanders of the South Pacific, Malinowski found that only two out of several villagesmanufactured certain ceremonial items that were important in a regional exchange network called the kula ring．Asamong the Yanomani, this specialization was unrelated to the location of raw materials．We don't know why thisspecialization began, but we do know that it persisted within the kula ring, which allied several communities andisland in a common trade network．

In nonindustrial societies, how do people obtain the means of production?

A．By land and labor．
B．Through social links．
C．By mutual aid．
D．By many other occasions．

参考答案B

解析:【结构分析】
第一段提到，在非工业社会里，土地和劳动力都是通过社会关系获得的。第二段指出。非工业社会与工业社会的另外一个生产资料差别在于技术。第三段提到，在某些部落社会中，技术专业化受到推崇。
最后一段以TrobriandIslanders和Yanomani作为例子，说明专业化反映出的是社会和政治环境，而不是自然环境。
【试题解析】
B。本题出题点在文章开篇。根据题干信息词In nonindustrial societies和means ofproducfion将答案锁定在文章首段前两句。前两句意思是：土地和生产力都是生产资料。在非工业社会中，土地和生产力是通过诸如血缘、婚姻以及世系等社会关系获得的，可见8正确。

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单选题 In regard to technology, how do nonindustrial societies differ from industrial societies?

A．In nonindustral societies, there is not any kind of specialization of technology．
B．In nonindustrial societies, technology is not as specialized as it is in industrial society．
C．In industrial societies, women do different jobs before and after marriage．
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单选题 The reason why some nonindustrial societies promote specialization is that __

A．certain raw materials are available
B．everyone can do eraftwork
C．it boosts trade among villages
D．it prevents intervillage conflicts

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