Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain the dynamics-考呗网题库移动版

单选题
Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain the dynamics of energy systems．

参考答案B

解析:
Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain thedynamicsofenergy systems．
译文
运动物体的物理特征能帮助解释能源系统动力学。
定位
由题干关键词characteristics和dynamics of energy systems定位到原文画线处。

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单选题Questionsare based on the following passage．
One hundred years ago, "Colored" was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent．Twenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for "Negro．" By the late 1960s,that term was overtaken by "Black．" And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that "African American" was the term to embrace．This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as "Italian Americans" and "Irish Americans," that had already been
freed of widespread discrimination．
A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise．A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term "Black" carried connotations (涵义) that were more negative than those of "African American．"
But if it was known that "Black" people were viewed differently from "African Americans,"researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from．A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that "Black" people are viewed more negatively．than "African Americans" because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status．As a result,"Black" people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities．
The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world．Even seemingly harmless details on a resume, it appears, can tap into recruiters' biases．A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the "Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers" or the "National Black Employees Association," the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control．
In one of the study's experiments, subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams．To one group, he was identified as "African-American," and another was told he was "Black．" With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr．Williams's salary,professional standing, and educational background．
The "African-American" group estimated that he earned about $ 37,000 a year and had a two-year college degree．The "Black" group, on the other hand, put his salary at about $ 29,000, and guessed that he had only "some" college experience．Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr．Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38．5 percent of the second group thought so．
Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use "African American,"though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress．Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois's original, idealistic hope: "It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts．"
Why did Jesse Jackson embrace the term "African American" for people of African descent?

A．It is free from racial biases．
B．It represents social progress．
C．It is in the interest of common Americans．
D．It follows the standard naming practice．

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单选题
What does the author say about the naming of an ethnic group ?

A．It advances with the times．
B．It is based on racial roots．
C．It merits intensive study．
D．It is politically sensitive．

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单选题
What do Erika Hall's findings indicate?

A．Racial biases are widespread in the professional world．
B．Many applicants don't attend to details on their resumes．
C．Job seekers should all be careful- about their affiliations．
D．Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases．

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