Questionsare based on the following passage. Gulliver has a friend wh-考呗网题库移动版

单选题Questionsare based on the following passage.
Gulliver has a friend who recently gave up his job to study for "The Knowledge", the notoriously difficult programme that London's black-taxi drivers must pass through before getting a license.
Would-be cabbies must first gain an encyclopedic knowledge of the capital's central district--some 25,000 streets and approximately 20,000 landmarks--and be able to recite the best way of navigating between them．Studying for The Knowledge typically takes from two to four years.
The sacrifice used to be worth it．Although driving a taxi for a living is undoubtedly hard work, cabbies earn a decent wage, choose their own hours and usually manage to spend a few weeks a year at their holiday villas in Spain．Alas, for Gulliver's friend, it is no longer a job with prospects．Leaving aside that learning routes by rote in an era of satellite navigation is a waste of everyone's time, the reason that cabbies put themselves through such a tough selection process is so they can earn the privilege of picking up passengers off the street, which only they are legally allowed to do.
Uber is malting this privilege increasingly irrelevant．The firm uses a smartphone platform to bring passengers and drivers together．It is on its way to cornering the world taxi market--although, like many cabbies, it is taldng a circuitous ( 迂回的 ) route．Several American cities, including Portland, have ordered the firm to suspend operations, while whole countries, such as Germany, have outlawed it．Still, these are mere bumps in the road．The latest report by Certify, which tracks business- expense claims, found that for the first time the majority of "ground transportation receipts" were for rides in Uber cars．In the second quarter of 2015, 55% of such business expenses emanated from that single company, compared with 43% on all other taxi services．According to Certify, whose respondents are overwhelmingly American, the cities in which businessmen are most likely to use an Uber car are San Francisco ( 79% ), followed by Dallas (60%) and Los Angeles (54%)．It is easy to see why．Uber is cheap, reliable and easy to use．You know which driver is coming for you and the driver knows you．There is no need to play a game of hailing leapfrog ( 交替进行 ) with competitors along busy streets, in the hope of finding a taxi with a light on.
On a recent trip to New York, Gulliver's young daughter was desperate to take a ride in a yellow taxi because she had seen them on posters．So we took a ride as a tourist attraction．When it came to pulling our suitcases back to JFK, though, it was much more convenient to call an Uber car．Gulliver worries for his friend's choice of new career．How long will it be before he becomes little more than a curiosity for those wanting to experience ye olde England?
What do we know about "The Knowledge"?

A．It is an encyclopedia about London streets.
B．It is an exam would-be cabbies must pass.
C．It is a navigation between the landmarks.
D．It is a license for the cabby profession.

参考答案B

解析:全文翻译
(56)格列佛有位朋友最近放弃了自己的工作去学习“知识”，这是个广为人知的高难度项目，而伦敦的每一位出租车司机在取得执照前都必须通过它。想要成为出租车司机，人们就必须首先掌握首都核心地区近25 000条街道和约2万个路标这样百科全书式的知识，并能够背诵出它们之间通行的最佳路线。(57一1)学习“知识”通常需要两到四年的时间。
(57—2)这种牺牲在过去是值得的。尽管开出租车谋生无疑是份艰苦的工作，但出租车司机收入丰厚，可自由选择工作时间，并且常常每年都能够有几周在西班牙的别墅里度假。哎，可是对于格列佛的朋友而言，这却已经不再是份有前途的工作了。且不说在卫星定位的年代背诵行车路线是浪费每个人的时间，司机们之所以要艰难地通过选拔，是为了获得在大街上搭载乘客的特权，依照法律，只有他们可以这样做。
而优步正在持续地蚕食这种特权。该公司使用智能手机平台将乘客和司机联系在一起。(58)它正在全球范围内抢占出租车市场——尽管和许多出租车司机一样，其抢占过程是比较曲折的。一些美国城市，包括波特兰，已经勒令该公司暂停服务，而有些国家，例如德国，已将其判为非法。
不过，这只是进程之中的小障碍。根据追踪商业成本报告的Certify公司的最新数据显示，优步车辆的“地面交通消费凭据”首次占到绝大多数。(59)2015年第二季度，55％的营业额是在这一家公司产生的，而所有的其他出租车公司加在一起只占到43％的份额：根据Certify公司的数据显示(这家公司的反馈者主要是美国人)，从商者最倾向于使用优步车辆的城市是旧金山(79％)，其次是达拉斯(60％)和洛杉矶(54％)=原因非常简单：优步价格低廉、可靠、便捷。你会知道哪位司机来接你，而司机也知道你=(乘客)不用在喧闹的大街上与其他竞争者玩“跳背”游戏，寄希望于找到一辆亮着灯的出租车：
最近在纽约的旅行中，格列佛的小女儿极力要求乘坐黄色的出租车，因为她在海报上看见过它们二(60)于是我们把乘坐出租车也当成了一个旅游项目。而当我们要把旅行箱拉回肯尼迪机场时，叫一辆优步车就方便多了。格列佛对朋友新的职业选择感到担忧。再过多久他也会仅仅成为领略“旧日英伦”风情的人们心目中的稀奇物?
定位：由题干中的“The Knowledge”定位至文章首段第一句．the notoriously difficult programme that London’S black-taxi drivers must pass through before getting a license．
详解：事实细节题。文章开篇首句指出，这是伦敦的每一位出租车司机在取得执照前都必须通过的一个项目，接下来介绍了这个项目所包含的内容，要求出租车司机掌握首都核心地区近25 000条街道和约2万个路标这样百科全书式的知识，并能够背诵出它们之间通行的最佳路线，故答案为B.：A.“它是一本关于伦敦街道的百科全书”，这是对第一段第二句的曲解，原文的意思是说，出租车司机掌握首都核心地区近25 000条街道和约2万个路标这样百科全书式的知识，故排除；C.“它是地标之间的导航”，该项未能正确理解第一段第二句中be able to recite the best way of navigating between them，故排除；D.“它是出租车行业的营运执照”，根据原文，The Knowledge是得到执照需要通过的考核，而并非执照本身，D.与原文意思不符，故排除。

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According to the passage, "The sacrifice" (Line 1, Para．2) refers to

A．the expense to spend luxurious holidays in Spain
B．the waste of time to remember London streets
C．the efforts to grasp the transportation knowledge
D．the hardship of living as a London taxi driver

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According to the author, which of the following statements about Uber is true?

A．It has a privilege to use smartphone platform.
B．It provides illegal service in American cities.
C．It may be completely suspended in the near future.
D．It has met some obstacle in its fast booming.

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The data mentioned in Paragraph 4 implies that

A．Uber's market share has already surpassed taxi companies
B．Uber is most popular with businessmen in American cities
C．Uber has bought most of the ground transportation receipts
D．Uber is providing clients with cheap and convenient service

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