Questions are based on the following passage. In recent years ther-考呗网题库移动版

单选题
Questions are based on the following passage.
In recent years there has been much talk of a "renaissance" in American manufacturing．A few things seemed to be on the side of the makers．For instance, until recently the dollar was weak．American wages were stagnant, but those in China were booming．Cheap shale oil and gas gave factories a boost．But as we argued recently, talking of a renaissance is overblown．And new figures, released today, add to the mounting pile of evidence saying that manufacturing growth is starting to slow.
We argued before that although there has been a recovery in American manufacturing in recent years, it is not a sustainable one．Employment in the sector is still lower than before the crash．So is one important measure of output: real value added．In short, America has not got better at producing stuff.Also, much of the recovery in American manufacturing seems to be based on a cyclical boom in"durable" goods--things that you expect to last a long time, like cars and fridges．During the recession, orders for durable goods plunged．That's because it is quite easy to put off such purchases．By contrast, it is more difficult to put off purchases of non-durable goods, like medicines, because people tend to consume them more frequently.
After the recession, production of durable goods soared．Cheap credit, for instance, spurred demand for new motors and rapid growth in carmaking．That sector accounted for over a third of the durable growth from 2009 to 2013．Yet a recovery based on a few durables industries is unsustalnable．This is because when pent-up demand is satisfied, a few big industries will suffer．Overall output is likely to stall.
New data confirm this prediction．Orders for durable goods fell by 1.4% in February．Motor-vel~cle orders fell by 0.5%．It is possible that the recent bad weather has had an effect here．But it may be a sign of something more troubling．As economists at Capital Economics, a consultancy, argue, "The more general malaise started back in the autumn of last year．Indeed, core orders .have now fallen in every month since last October．"
In recent months, non-durable goods have also fallen quite rapidly．What explains all this? The obvious culprit is the strong dollar, because it makes manufacturing exports (which account for roughly half of America's total) more expensive．Alternatively, it may be because consumers are starting to pull back on spending．In January, consumer credit grew at the slowest pace in over a year, according to recent data from the Federal Reserve．In recent months consumer confidence has dropped a bit．And companies may not be so confident, either, and are thus not in the mood to add to capital stock, says Steven Ricchiuto of Mizuho Securities, an investment bank．This does not bode well for American manufacturing or, indeed, for economic growth overall.
What does the author say about the recovery in American manufacturing?

A．It maev be put to an end soon.
B．It is merely an illusion.
C．It is a bounce before breakdown.
D．It lacks essential support.

参考答案D

解析:
最近几年，关于美国制造业的“复兴”人们议论纷纷。对于制造商而言，似乎有一些利好消息，例如，直至最近，美元依然很疲软。美国薪资不景气，而中国薪酬却在快速地增长。廉价的页岩油和天然气给工厂提供了支撑。但正如我们最近所指出的那样，谈论复兴言之太过了。今天发布的新数据在原有的基础上又追加了制造业增长开始放缓的新证据。
(61—1)我们之前探讨过，尽管美国制造业在近年来有所复苏，但并非是可持续的。这一行业的就业率仍然比危机之前低。另外，还有一个产量的重要估值：实际价值增值。(6l-2)简而言之，美国的商品制造业并未得到改善。并且，(62一1)美国制造业的恢复在很大程度上似乎是基于像汽车和冰箱这种长时间使用的“耐用”商品循环的激增。在经济衰退期间，耐用品订单剧减。因为此类商品的购置是很容易被推迟的。(62—2)相较而言，人们很难推迟像药品这类非耐用品的购买，因为它们的消费更加频繁。
经济衰退之后，耐用商品的生产大幅回升，比如说，低廉的信贷就推高了新机动车的需求和汽车制造的快速增长。在2009年至2013年间，这个行业占了耐用品增长的三分之一以上。然而，基于几个耐用品行业的恢复是不可持续的。这是因为一旦之前压抑的需求得到满足，若干重大产业将遭受损失，总产值很有可能停滞不前j新数据证实了这一预兆。耐用商品订单二月份下滑了1．4％，机动车订单减少了0．5％。近期的恶劣天气可能对此造成了影响，(65-1)但这也可能是其他更大麻烦的信号。(63)正如咨询机构“资本经济学”的经济学家们所提出的那样，“自从去年秋季开始，更加普遍的不安情绪就出现了。实际上，自从去年十月份开始，核心订单每个月都在下滑。”
在最近几个月里，非耐用品的发展也在快速下滑。引起这一切的原因何在?显而易见，罪魁祸首是美元的走强，因为它让制造业出口商品(大致占美国制造业总产值的一半)更为昂贵。同时，也可能是消费者们对于花钱开始变得更加保守。根据美联储的最新数据显示，一月份消费信贷的增长是一年来最慢的。、在最近几个月里，消费者信心指数小幅下滑。投资银行瑞穗证券的斯蒂芬·里基乌托认为，企业的信心可能也不强，因此没有投资股本的心情。(64)(65．2)这对于美国制造业，实际上也是对于整个经济增长而言，都不是个好兆头。
定位:由题干中的recovery定位到第二段第一句：We argued before that although there has been arecovery in American manufacturing in recent years，it is not a sustainable one．和该段第四句：Inshort，America has not got better at producing stuff．
详解:推理判断题。定位句指出，美国制造业近年来的复苏是不可持续的，并认为美国的商品制造业并未得到改善。由此可知，作者显然是认为美国制造业的所谓复苏并不是根本的，缺乏有力的支撑，故答案为D.。A.“它可能很快会结束”，尽管作者认为复苏是不可持续的，但并没有说它会很快结束，故排除；B.“它只是一种假象”，第二段首句已经明确指出，美国制造业近年来有所复苏，这不是假象，故排除；C.“它是崩溃之前的反弹”，文中并没有提及这一点，故排除。

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单选题
In what sense "durable" goods cannot boost sustainable economic growth?

A．They are not fast-consumed daily necessities.
B．They tend to be influenced by banking policy.
C．Orders for them are easily to be cancelled.
D．Industries of them may be less sustainable.

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单选题
How can we understand the remark of economists at Capital Economics?

A．Orders for durable goods are affected by bad weather indeed.
B．Decrease of orders for durable goods is caused by disease spread.
C．Slump of durable goods industries started earlier than thought.
D．The new data may not have revealed the reality of the industries.

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单选题
What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．The Strong dollar makes American products less attractive.
B．Consumers are not willing to spend more on durable goods.
C．Companies dare not accept the capital investment from banks.
D．The conditions of general economic growth are not present.

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