A．They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits．
B．They examine relations between producers and customers．
C．They look for new and effective ways to promote products．
D．They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period．

A．The lack of promotion opportunity．
B．Checking charts and tables．
C．Designing questionnaires．
D．The persistent intensity．

A．His view on Canadian universities．
B．His understanding of higher education．
C．His suggestions for improvements in higher education．
D．His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities．