Questions are based on the following passage. "If the online service -考呗网题库移动版

单选题Questions are based on the following passage.
"If the online service is free then you are the product," technicians say. Google and Facebook make a fortune by collecting personal information, which helps them target their advertisements more accurately. Free smartphone apps typically suck in all the data they can, such as the person's location or their entire address book. At the same time, governments collect lots of information about everyone, not only through mass surveillance (监控), as the disclosures made by Edward Snowden, but also by gathering common things, such as voter registration and driving-licence records that are then sold on to commercial firms.
More than ever, individual privacy is under threat. Julia Angwin, who oversaw a pioneering series of Wall Street Journal articles called "What They Know", started in 2010, exposes many of the questionable activities that erode privacy -- activities that most people know nothing about.Hundreds of unregulated data-brokers exist in America, for example, selling files on people to marketing companies. Individuals have little recourse if they want to examine their files or correct mistakes. One company runs a fleet of camera-equipped cars that scan the number plates of 1 million vehicles a month, mostly to find those wanted for repossession (收回) -- but it sells the data to insurers or private investigators as well.
Ms Angwin denounces this shadowy business. Her book tracks her attempts to wrest freedom from it. She gets a credit card using an alias; she uses an anonymous search engine and encrypts(加密) her e-mail and texts; she leaves LinkedIn. When she turns off basic web-browsing functions that enable tracking (using so-called cookies) she becomes digitally paralysed. Amazon items appear to be out of stock and she is unable to set up an appointment at an Apple store. "My daughter would stand next to me and laugh while I tried to load a page and navigate through all the permissions," she writes.
Yet "Dragnet (搜索网) Nation" has its faults. It ignores how exciting the legitimate uses of personal data can be to companies, governments and NGOs. It mixes state surveillance and privacy-eroding business practices, weakening the study of both. Ms Angwin's analysis of the problems and potential regulatory remedies is shallow, and her attempts to escape the dragnet eventually become wearisome. Her contribution is to have made herself a guinea pig in an experiment to avoid pervasive surveillance. But the real story about the economy of personal information and protecting privacy in an age of big data has yet to be written.
What does the author mean by saying "... you are the product"?

A．Companies make a big fortune from your organs.
B．Companies use your accurate data to advertise you.
C．Companies sell and buy your personal information.
D．You are sold on the Internet by Google and Facebook.

参考答案C

解析:本文主要讲述了在当今这个网络时代里，个人隐私正在遭遇前所未有的威胁。第1段指出，网络公司所提供的免费服务往往都是以牺牲你的个人信息为代价的。第2、3段讲述了朱莉娅·安格文所发现的侵害个人隐私的行为，并讲述了她与侵害个人隐私行为之间的斗争。第4段分析了网络本身存在的缺陷，并指出对侵害个人隐私行为的认识和弥补的措施还有很大的不足。
【46】技术人员说：“如果网上服务是免费的，那么你就是产品。”谷歌和脸谱通过搜集个人信息来帮助他们更加准确地投放广告，并以此赚钱。免费的智能手机应用软件获取了它们所能获得的所有信息，诸如个人位置或他们的整个通讯录。与此同时，正如爱德华·斯诺登所披露的那样，政府不仅通过对人们的大规模监控获得了大量信息，还通过搜集一些日常事物(如选民登记和驾照记录)来获得信息，这些信息随后被卖给了贸易公司。
个人隐私正在遭受前所未有的威胁。[47]朱莉娅·安格文监管着《华尔街日报》2010年首次创办的系列文章《他们知道什么》，披露了其中许多侵害我们隐私的可疑行为，而大多数人对这些行为一无所知。例如，在美国有成百上千的不守法的数据经理人将人们的档案资料卖给营销公司，个人几乎没有办法查看他们的档案或更改错误信息。某公司拥有大量带有摄像头的汽车，这些汽车每个月扫描l00万辆车的车牌号，主要是为了找到那些准备要收回的号码，不过他们也将这些数据卖给保险公司或者私侦探。
安格文女士公开谴责这种阴暗的行当，她的书记录了她试图在这个网络世界获得自由的经历。[48]她用化名办信用卡、使用匿名搜索引擎、给邮件和文件加密、退出“领英”。【49】当她关掉可以用来进行追踪的基本的网页浏览功能(使用所谓的信息记录程序)时，她陷入了数据瘫痪。亚马逊的商品显示缺货，同时她也无法在苹果商店设置预约。她写道：“当我试着边下载一个页面边查找许可权限时，我的女儿就会在一旁嘲笑我。”但网络世界也有过失。它忽视了对于公司、政府及非政府组织来说，合法使用个人数据是多么令人振奋的事情。它混淆了国家监控和侵害隐私的商业行为，并弱化了对两者的研究。[50]而安格文女士对这些问题及可能的法律补救措施的分析都较肤浅，因而她对这种搜索网的逃避最终也效果甚微。她的贡献在于她使自己变成了逃离无所不在的监控这个试验中的试验品?不过这个关于大数据时代里的个人信息以及隐私保护的经济话题的故事还没结束。
【定位】根据题干中的you are the product将本题出处定位于第1段第1句。
【解析】C.。第1段第l句提到，技术人员说：“如果网上服务是免费的，那么你就是产品。”接着下一句作出具体说明，即公司通过买卖个人信息来赚钱。由此可见，此处所说的产品就是你的个人信息，而不是A.所说的your organs(你的器官)，故排除A.。B.是对第1段第2句的错误理解，该句说的是通过个人信息准确地投放广告，而不是对“你”进行宣传，故排除B.。文中没有提到谷歌和脸谱在网上出售“你”．故D也不符合题意，予以排除。

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单选题 What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A．Julia Angwin is a well-known editor of Wall Street Journal.
B．The series of articles "What They Know" started in 2010.
C．Wall Street Journal exposes many unregulated data-brokers.
D．Wall Street Journal knows nothing about activities that erode privacy.

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单选题 What does Ms Angwin do to protect her privacy?

A．She no longer uses credit card, and pays in cash instead.
B．She turns off basic web-browsing functions called cookies.
C．She adds secure passwords to her e-mail and texts.
D．She lies about her credit card records to her net friends.

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单选题 Julia Angwin's struggling with privacy-eroding activities __________.

A．turns out to be a failure
B．is supported by her daughter
C．is admired by the author
D．ignores regulatory remedies

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