Questions are based on the following passage. Mark Ramirez, a senior -考呗网题库移动版

单选题Questions are based on the following passage.
Mark Ramirez, a senior executive at AOL, could work in the most comfortable leather chair, if he wanted. No, thanks. He prefers to stand most of the day at a desk raised above stomach level. "I've got my knees bent; I feel totally alive," he said. "It feels more natural to stand."
In the past few years, standing has become the new sitting for 10 percent of AOL employees at the firm's Virginia campus, part of a standing ovation (热烈欢迎) among accountants, programmers, telemarketers and other office workers across the nation. GeekDesk, a California firm that sells $ 800 desks raised by electric motors, says sales will double this year.
Standers give various reasons for taking to their feet: It makes them feel more focused, prevents doze, and makes them feel like a general even if they just push paper. Former defense secretary Donald Rumsfeld works standing up. So does novelist Philip Roth.
But unknown to them, a debate is spreading among some experts and public-health researchers about whether all office workers should be encouraged to stand--to save lives.
Doctors point to surprising new research showing higher rates of obesity, heart disease and even death among people who sit for long stretches. A study earlier this year in the American Journal of Epidemiology showed that among 123,000 adults followed over 14 years, those who sat more than six hours a day were at least 18 percent more likely to die during the time period studied than those who sat less than three hours a day.
"Every rock we turn over when it comes to sitting is stunning," said Marc Hamilton, a leading researcher on inactivity physiology at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Louisiana. "Sitting is hazardous. It's dangerous. We are on the tip of a major revolution. " He calls sitting "the new smoking".
Not so fast, other experts say. Standing too much at work will cause more long-term back injuries.
Incidences of varicose veins (静脉曲张) among women will increase. The heart will have to pump more.
Hedge, the Cornell professor, isn't a fan of all this standing. "Making people stand all day is dumb," he said.
The sensible and most cost-effective strategy, he said, is to sit in a neutral posture, slightly leaned, with the keyboard on a tray above the lap. This position promotes positive blood flow. Workers should occasionally walk around, stretch and avoid prolonged periods at the desk. The key, he said, is movement, not standing.
What may be the reason for Mark Ramirez's standing to work most of the day?

A．The desk is raised above his stomach.
B．The chair is uncomfortable.
C．He wants to be close to nature.
D．It can keep him completely alive.

参考答案D

解析:全文翻译
美国在线服务公司的高级主管马克·拉米雷斯完全可以坐在最舒适的皮椅上工作，如果他愿意的话。但不需要，谢谢了。(46)一天中的大部分时间，他更喜欢站在一张桌面高于胃部的桌子前办公。他说：“我的膝盖可以弯曲，我觉得自己充满活力。站着工作感觉更自然。”
在过去的几年间，在美国在线服务公司弗吉尼亚州分公司中，站立已经成为10％的员工的新坐姿，除了他们以外，全国有许多会计人员、编程人员、电话营销人员和其他办公室职员都开始倾向于站着工作。
位于加州的GeekDesk公司出售可以通过电动机升降的价值800美元的办公桌。该公司称今年的销售额将翻倍。
站着工作的人给出了选择站立的各种理由：站立可以使他们的注意力更集中，防止困倦，而且就算他们只是在做琐碎的工作，也会感觉自己像个将军。(47)美国前国防部长唐纳德·拉姆斯菲尔德站着工作。小说家菲利普·罗斯也是一样。
(48)但他们并不知道，围绕着是否应该鼓励所有办公室职员都站着工作这一话题，一些专家和公共健康研究员展开了一场以拯救生命为目的的辩论。
医生们指出，新研究的惊人结果显示，长时间坐着工作的人患肥胖症、心脏病甚至是死亡的几率都相对更高。
《美国流行病学杂志》在今年早些时候发表的一项研究表明，在对123000名成人研究对象长达14年多的跟踪调查中，那些每天坐着超过6个小时的人的死亡率比那些每天坐着的时间少于3个小时的人高出至少18％。
马克·汉密尔顿是美国路易斯安那州彭宁顿生物医学研究中心静止生理学方面的主要研究人员。他说：“我们有关久坐的每项研究结果都令人震惊。久坐是有害的，是危险的。我们正处于一场重大变革的风口浪尖。”
(49)他将久坐称为“像吸烟一样有害的新杀手”。
但其他专家认为，还不应该过早下结论。工作中站立过久会引起更多的长期背部损伤。女性则会增加静脉曲张的发病率。心脏负荷也会加大。
(50—1)康奈尔大学的海奇教授也不提倡站着工作。他说：“让人们整天站着是愚蠢的。”
他说，合理且最划算的方法就是，以适中的姿势坐着，微微靠向椅背，将键盘放在高于膝盖的托盘上。这个姿势可以促进血液循环。员工应该不时地四处走动，舒展一下身体，避免长时间坐在办公桌前。(50—2)他说，关键在于运动，而非站立。
详解详析
根据题干中的Mark Ramirez定位到原文第一段，再根据standing to work most of the day进一步定位到该段最后三句。
事实细节题。本题考查马克·拉米雷斯喜欢站着工作的原因。定位句指出，一天中的大部分时间，马克·拉米雷斯更喜欢站在一张桌面高于胃部的桌子前办公，而这样做的理由就是“我的膝盖可以弯曲，我觉得自己充满活力。站着工作感觉更自然。”D“这可以使他充满活力”为原文的同义转述，故为答案。A“桌子高于他的胃部”并非他选择站着工作的原因，故排除；B“椅子不舒服”和C“他想要接近大自然”均与原文不符，故排除。

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单选题
What does the author intend to show by the examples of Donald Rumsfeld and Philip Roth?

A．There are a lot of people standing when working.
B．Donald Rumsfeld and Philip Roth are generals.
C．Standing makes them feel more focused.
D．Both of them are experts in standing.

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单选题
Some experts and researchers begin a discussion on standing for the purpose of ___________.

A．public health
B．saving lives
C．competition
D．investigation

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单选题
Marc Hamilton regards sitting as ___________.

A．inactivity physiology
B．a major revolution
C．a new killer
D．a better way to work

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