Questions are based on the following passage. Education in most of th-考呗网题库移动版

单选题Questions are based on the following passage.
Education in most of the developing world is shocking. Half of children in South Asia and a third of those in Africa who complete four years of schooling cannot read properly. Most governments have promised to provide universal primary education and to promote secondary education. But even when public schools exist, they often fail.
The failure of state education, combined with the shift in emerging economies from farming to jobs that need at least a modicum (少量) of education, has caused a private-school boom. According to the World Bank, across the developing world a fifth of primary-school pupils are enrolled in private schools, twice as many as 20 years ago. So many private schools are unregistered that the real figure is likely to be much higher.
By and large, politicians and educationalists are unenthusiastic. Governments see education as the state's job. NGOs tend to be ideologically opposed to the private sector. The U. N. special rapporteur (报告人) on education, Kishore Singh, has said that "for-profit education should not be allowed in order to safeguard the noble cause of education".
This attitude harms those whom educationalists claim to serve: children. The boom in private education is excellent news for them and their countries, for three reasons.
First, it is bringing in money--not just from parents, but also from investors, some in search of a profit.
Most private schools in the developing world are single operators that charge a few dollars a month, but chains are now emerging.
Second, private schools are often better value for money than state ones. Measuring this is hard, since the children who go to private schools tend to be better off, and therefore likely to perform better. But a rigorous four-year study of 6,000 pupils in Andhra Pradesh, in southern India, suggested that private pupils performed better in English and Hindi than public-school pupils, and the private schools achieved these results at a third of the cost of the public schools.
Lastly, private schools are innovative. Since technology has great (though as yet mostly unrealized. potential in education, this could be important. Bridge gives teachers tablets linked to a central system that provides teaching materials and monitors their work. Such robo-teaching may not be ideal, but it is better than lessons without either materials or monitoring.
The private sector has problems. But the alternative is often a public school that is worse--or no school at all. The growth of private schools is a manifestation of the healthiest of instincts: parents' desire to do the best for their children. Governments should therefore be asking not how to discourage private education, but how to boost it. Ideally, they would subsidize (以津贴补助) private schools, preferably through a voucher (凭证) which parents could spend at the school of their choice and top up; they would regulate schools to ensure quality; they would run public exams to help parents make informed choices.
According to the author, the state governments in developing countries fail to ________.

A．provide proper education for all the school age children
B．fulfill their promises by establishing enough public schools
C．improve education quality of the existing public schools
D．speed up the social shift from farming to manufacturing

参考答案A

解析:大多数发展中国家的教育状况都令人震惊。南亚的一半儿童和非洲三分之一的儿童即使完成四年学业也不能正确地阅读。(51)多数政府都承诺会普及小学教育，并提升和推动中学教育。但是即便在有公立学校存在的时候，承诺也时常落空。
公立教育的失败，加上在新兴经济体下，农耕型工作向至少需要一定的教育背景的工作方式的转变，这些都推动了私立学校的繁荣发展。根据世界银行的统计，在发展中国家，五分之一的小学生就读于私立学校，这比20年前翻了一番。而许多私立学校并未登记在册，故而实际数字可能更高。
总体上来说，政治家和教育家们对此并不欢迎。政府将教育视为国家的工作。非政府组织在思想上也倾向于反对私营机构。(52)联合国教育特剐发言人齐舒·赛恩曾说，“为了捍卫神圣的教育事业，不应该允许逐利教育的存在。”
这种态度伤害的是教育者们宣称服务的对象：孩子。(54-1)私立学校的蓬勃发展对于他们和他们的国家来说都是个好消息，原因有三。
(53—1)首先，它在引入资金——不仅仅是来自于家长，也来自于部分追逐利润的投资者。多数发展中国家的私立学校都是单独机构，每月收取一些费用，但是连锁链条正在形成。
(53—2)其次，私立学校比公立学校更值得投资。对此进行评估比较困难，因为就读于私立学校的孩子经济条件更为优越，故而更有可能表现出色。但一项在印度南部进行的历时四年，涉及6000名学生的详细研究显示，在英语和北印度语方面，私立学校学生的表现优于公立学校学生，而私立学校取得这个成绩只花费了公立学校三分之一的费用。
(53—3)最后，私立学校更具有创新性。由于技术可以极大地激发教育的潜能(尽管目前多数还没有实现)，但这可能是十分重要的。剑桥给教师们提供了能与中央系统相连的平板电脑，这个系统提供给教师们教材，并指导他们的工作。这样的电子教学可能并不理想，但这总好过既没有教材又没有指导的教学。
(54—2)私立机构确实存在问题，但是其他选择往往是更糟糕的公立学校——或者根本就没有学校。私立学校的发展显示了一个最为健康的本能：父母们渴望为孩子做到最好。因此，政府应该问的不是如何打击私立教育，而是如何促进其发展。理想的情况下，政府可以资助私立学校，最好是通过担保人让家长可以为自主选择的学校花钱并注满资金；政府应该规范学校以保证教育质量；政府应该开设公共考试帮助家长做出明智的选择。
由题干中的the state governments和developing countries定位至文章首段最后两句。
事实细节题。定位句指出，多数政府都承诺会普及小学教育，并提升和推动中学教育。但是即便在有公立学校存在的时候，承诺也时常落空。从两句的承接关系来看，fail的内容就是定位句第一句中政府所承诺做到的事，归纳来看，就是政府未能为学龄儿童提供适当的教育，故答案为A。B“兑现承诺建立足够多的公立学校”，从上述定位句可知，作者讨论的不是公立学校的数量，而是教育本身是否能满足需求，故可排除；C“提高现有公立学校的教育质量”，从定位句可知，作者关注的是整体的教育质量，而不仅限于公立学校，故可排除；D“加速社会从农耕业向制造业转型”，社会转型是第二段中作者提到的对教育提出新要求的因素，而不是他所讨论的政府未能做到的事情，D不符合文意，故可排除。

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单选题 The author mentions Kishore Singh in order to show ________.

A．how state governments dislike private education
B．why NGOs are so much opposed to private sectors
C．how we should safeguard the nobility of education
D．what the social mainstream thinks of the private schools

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单选题Private schools surpass the public ones in that ________.

A．they can obtain more money from parents
B．they have achieved better teaching quality
C．they make better use of money and innovate
D．they can use tablets to assist teaching

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单选题What does the author think of the private education?

A．It meets the need of social development.
B．It should be suspended and reorganized.
C．It should not be run purely after high profits.
D．It is encouraged to replace public education.

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