Questions are based on the following passage. The idea of public work-考呗网题库移动版

单选题Questions are based on the following passage.
The idea of public works projects as a device to prevent or control depression was designed as means of creating job opportunities for unemployed workers and as a "pump priming" device to aid business to revive. It was conceived during the early year as of the New Deal Era (1933-1937.. By 1933, the number of unemployed workers had reached about 13 million. This meant that about 50 million people--about one third of the nation--were without means of support. At first, direct relief in the form of cash or food was provided for these people. This made them recipients (接收者. of government charity. In order to remove this stigma (耻辱.and restore to the unemployed some measure of respectability and human dignity, a plan was devised to create govern mentally sponsored work projects that private industry would not or could not provide. This would also stimulate production and revive business activity.
The best way to explain how this procedure is expected to work is to explain how it actually worked when it was first tried. The first experiment with it was the creation of the Works Project Administration (WPA）.This agency set up work projects in various fields in which there were many unemployed. For example,unemployed actors were organized into theater projects; orchestras were organized for unemployed musicians,teaching projects for unemployed teachers, and even Writers' projects for unemployed writers. Unemployed laborers were put to building work or maintaining roads, parks, playgrounds, or public buildings. These were all temporary "work relief" projects rather than permanent work opportunities.
More substantial work projects of a permanent nature were organized by another agency, the Public Works Administration (PWA）. This agency undertook the planning of construction of schools, houses, post offices, dams, and other public structures. It entered into contracts with private construction firms to erect them, or it loaned money to local or state governments which undertook their construction. This created many jobs in the factories producing the material as well as in the projects themselves, and greatly reduced the number of the unemployed.
Still another agency which provided work projects for the unemployed was the Civilian Conservation Corps(CCC）. This agency provided job opportunities for youths aged 16 to 20 to work in national parks or forests clearing land, guarding against fires, building roads, or doing other conservation work. In the event of a future depression, the federal government might revive any or all of the above methods to relieve unemployment and stimulate business.
It was at the beginning of the New Deal Era that public works projects __

A． were ignored by most American socialists
B． proved its advantages over other plans
C． were given a serious consideration
D． were put into use immediately

参考答案C

解析:【参考译文】
将公共事业项目用来预防或控制经济萧条的想法旨在为失业工人创造工作机会，成为政府为帮助商业复苏所做的注资手段。[46]这种设想是在施行罗斯福新政(1933．1937)的早期形成的。截至1933年，失业工人人数已达约1300万。这意味着在全国有约5000万人，即接近全国人口l／3的人没有生计。起初，政府以现金或食物的形式给这些人提供了直接的救助。这使他们成了政府慈善的接受者。[47]为了消除失业者的耻辱感并在某种程度上恢复他们的声誉和人格尊严，政府制定了一项计划，即创立由政府赞助的、私人企业不会或不能提供的就业工程。这也会刺激生产并恢复商业活动。
要解释清楚人们期望这种措施如何发挥作用，最佳的办法就是说明它首次试行时实际上是如何运作的。其首次尝试是就业工程管理局的创立。这个机构在失业人数众多的各个领域设立了就业项目。例如，失业演员被组织到剧院项目，失业音乐家被组织成管弦乐队，为失业教师组织教学项目，甚至为失业作家创立作家项目。失业劳动者被组织去从事建造房屋、维护公路、公园、运动场或公共建筑的相关工作。[48]这些都是堑时性的 “工作救济”项目：而不是永久性的工作机会。
另一家机构，公共工程管理局，组织了更多具有永久性质的实质性就业项目。这一机构承担学校、房屋、邮局、水坝及其他公共建筑的建设规划。[49]它与私营建筑公司签订建筑合同让其承建，或贷款给承担建设项目的地方政府或州政府。这创造了很多在生产材料的工厂工作的机会以及参与项目本身的工作机会，大大减少了失业人数。
还有一家机构为失业人员提供就业项目，即民间资源保护队。[50]这家机构为年龄介于16岁到20岁之间的盍年提供工作机会：让他们在国家公园或森林清理土地、防火、修路或从奎其他保护工作。万一以后经济萧条，联邦政府或许可以恢复使用上述的任何一种方法或全部方法来缓解就业压力并刺激商业发展。
【答案解析】
定位：根据题干信息词the New Deal Era定位到第一段第二句。
解析：由该句可知公共事业项目 “这种设想是在施行罗斯福新政的早期形成的”。原文conceive意为“构思”，选项c中的give a serious consideration和conceive相对应，故该项为正确答案。

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A． make a great leap in guiding the economic development
B． help those unemployed to resume respect and dignity
C． urge private businesses to employ more workers
D． prevent government from lending money to the unemployed

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单选题 The Works Project Administration could __

A． relieve the burden of both the unemployed and the government
B． satisfy the need of people from various fields of the society
C． meet the need of most people who were once white-collars
D． offer people no jobs which would support them for a whole life

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单选题 Compared with WPA, the Public Works Administration

A． got private businesses involved in the restoring of economy
B． encouraged the local governments to make concrete plans
C． offered jobs in all the aspects conceming construction
D． stimulated the economy by lending money to local governments

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