Questions are based on the following passage. Once it was possible to-考呗网题库移动版

单选题Questions are based on the following passage.
Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labour. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men' s and women' s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.
In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.
In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on "overtime" work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighbourhoods.
In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women's liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women' s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.
Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations. Many people appeal for the equality between men and women with the hope of transforming the traditional roles of men and women. Actually, the gender role in many countries is much better than before.
Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 1?

A．Women usually worked outside the home for wages.
B．Men and women's roles were easily exchanged in the past.
C．Men's roles at home were more firmly fixed than women' s.
D．Men and women's roles were usually separated in the past.

参考答案D

解析:参考译文
以前很容易通过劳动分工来划分男女角色。男人在外工作，获得收入供家庭开支，而女人则负责做饭，照顾家庭和孩子。对于大多数人来说，这些角色固定不变，女人也没有很多机会转变自己的角色。然而，到了本世纪中叶，男人和女人的角色变得越来越不确定了。
20世纪50年代，地道的美国人追求经济和社会地位等方面的成功。而到了20世纪60年代，一种被称作“反主流文化”的新力量发展了起来。参加这次运动的人们不再追求中产阶级的目标。“反主流文化”为男人和女人提供了新的角色选择。男人更多关注儿童照管，并开始与妻子分担养育子女的任务。事实上．很多青年男女迁移到公共的家园或农场，在那里，经济责任和抚养子女的义务由男女双方共同承担。另外，很多美国人并不推崇男士从军这一角色。一些年轻男子拒绝被选为士兵参加越南战争。
根据数字看，参加反主流文化的人并不多。但它的影响力却波及到了美国很多地方。各个阶层的工人开始改变他们的经济和社会模式。工厂工人和商业行政人员都削减了“加班”工作。这样他们就有更多空闲时间与家人一起度过。一些医生、律师和教师离开了高收入的工作环境，转而在较为清贫的街区继续他们的事业。
20世纪70年代，女权运动或者妇女解放运动引起了更多的经济和社会变革。各个年龄、各个社会阶层的妇女加入了工作的行列。她们中的大部分人依然从事着传统的妇女工作、护士和秘书工作。然而，一些妇女却开始从事传统的男性职业，例如警察、银行职员、牙医以及建筑工作。妇女们一直要求获得平等的就业以及晋升机会。
如今，大部分专家承认，男女角色的转变正在发生。当然，这种转变的调整会面临重重困难。很多人满怀希望地呼吁男女角色的转变。事实上。很多国家的性别角色比以前好多了。
解析
主旨题。文章第一段第一句Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labour．为本段主题句，即“过去通过劳动分工很容易区分男女角色”，由此可知，在过去，男女角色往往是被分离开了。因此，正确答案是D。

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A．The first sentence.
B．The second and the third sentences.
C．The fourth sentence.
D．The last sentence.

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单选题In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture ___________.

A．destroyed the United States
B．transformed some American values
C．was not important in the United States
D．brought people more leisure time with their families

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单选题It could be inferred from the passage that

A．men and women will never share the same goals
B．some men will be willing to exchange their traditional male roles
C．most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wives
D．more American households are headed by women than ever before

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