Questions are based on the following passage. Cigarette smoking is a -考呗网题库移动版

单选题Questions are based on the following passage.
Cigarette smoking is a health hazard of sufficient importance in the United States. It was 50 years ago this month that America´ s Surgeon General sounded that warning, marking the beginning of the end of cigarette manufacturing--and of smoking itself--as a respectable activity.
Some 20 million Americans have died from the habit since then. But advertising restrictions and smoking bans have had their effect: the proportion of American adults who smoke has dropped from 43% to 18%; smoking rates among teenagers are at a record low. In many other countries the trends are similar.
The current Surgeon General, Boris Lushniak, marked the half-century with a report on January 17th, declaring smoking even deadlier than previously thought. He added diabetes, color ectal cancer and other ailments to the list of ills it causes, and promised end-game strategies to extinguish cigarettes altogether.
New technologies such as e-cigarettes promise to deliver nicotine less riskily. E-cigarettes give users a hit of vapour infused with nicotine. In America, sales of the manufacturer, who is the fastest e-cigarettes-adopter, have jumped from nearly nothing five years ago to at least 1 billion in 2013.
At first, it looked as if e-cigarettes might lure smokers from the big tobacco brands to start ups such as NJOY. But tobacco companies have bigger war chests, more knowledge of smokers´ habits and better ties to distributors than the newcomers. Some experts reckon Americans will puff more e-cigarettes than normal ones within a decade, but tobacco folk are skeptical. E-cigarettes account for just 1% of America´s cigarette market. In Europe 7% of smokers had tried e-cigarettes by 2012
but only 1% kept them up.
And no one knows what sort of restrictions regulators will eventually place on reduced risk products, including e-cigarettes. If these companies can manage the transition to less harmful smokes, and convince regulators to be sensible, the tobacco giants could keep up the sort of performance that has made their shares such a fine investment over the years. But some analysts are not so sure.
Many tobacco firms are struggling to deliver the consistency of the earnings-per-share model we´ve seen in the past. If that persists, investors may fall out of love with the industry. A half-century after the Surgeon General´ s alarm, they, and hopeless smokers, are its last remaining friends.
It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that cigarette manufacturing in the United States _____

A．was of sufficient importance
B．was put forward by America' s Surgeon General
C．began to go downhill
D．used to be an honorable activity

参考答案D

解析:参考译文
吸烟在美国是一项引起足够重视的健康危害。这是50年前的这个月美国卫生部部长发出的警告。这一警告的发出标志着卷烟制造业以及吸烟这一行为本身不再是一项让人尊敬的行为。
从那时起，大约有2000万美国人死于吸烟。但是不论是广告限制或是严禁吸烟的标志都还是起到了作用：吸烟的美国成年人比例已经从43％T降到了18％，青少年的吸烟率也处于历史新低。其他国家也有相似的趋势。
现任卫生部部长鲍里斯·路西尼亚克在1月17日发布的报道对过去的50年做了总结，指出吸烟比预期的更加致命。在吸烟导致的疾病里，他加入了糖尿病、直肠癌和其他病症，并且提出了终结策略来完全杜绝香烟。
一些新的技术，比如电子香烟承诺提供危害风险更小的尼古丁。电子香烟主要提供的是尼古丁蒸汽。在美国最先采用这种方式的厂家，5年来其销售额实现了从零开始的激增，截止2013年已经达到至少l0亿美元。
起初，电子香烟似乎已经诱导烟民们从大的烟草品牌转向诸如NJOY的新兴公司。但是烟草公司比起新兴公司来说有更多的资金储备，它们更了解烟民们的习惯，也有更多的分销渠道。一些专家预测在未来的十年里，美国人将消费更多的电子香烟，但是烟民们对此却持怀疑态度。在美国的烟草市场。电子香烟只占到了1％的份额。在欧洲，到2012年，有7％的烟民都试过了这种电子香烟，但是只有1％的人在使用。
并且没人知道最终会对包括电子香烟在内的降低风险的产品出台什么样的监管措施。如果这些公司能实现向低危害的烟草的转变，并且说服监管机构意识到这种转变，那么这些烟草巨头们将能有实力继续为他们的投资者们提供丰厚的分红。但是一些分析人士对此却不那么肯定。
许多烟草公司都在挣扎着想要继续沿用以前烟草按股数收益的经营方式。如果它们坚持，那么它们的投资者们可能会失去对该行业的兴趣。从卫生部部长发出警告的半个世纪以来，这些公司最后的朋友就只剩那些已经无药可救的烟民们了。
参考答案与解析
推断题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。该段第二句后半部分讲到“这是50年前的这个月美国卫生部部长发出的警告。这一警告标志着卷烟制造业……不再是一项让人尊敬的行为”．故D项“曾是一项令人尊敬的行为”与原文相符。因此，正确答案是D。

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