Shopping goods that are considered as basically the same are those_

单选题 Shopping goods that are considered as basically the same are those__________.

A．that satisfy similar needs of the consumer
B．that consumers don't care where to buy them
C．that consumers spend much time to look for
D．that can be found in nearly every shop

参考答案B

解析: 辨认什么是看作基本相同的商品。关键词是shopping goods，文章第四段说选购商品(shopping goods)分作两类：可以看作基本相同的商品和看作不同的商品。当购买前种商品时，消费者选定式样后，最关心的是如何以最便宜的价格买到手，消费者不在乎到什么地方去买。选项B的意思为并不考虑到哪里去买，符合文章的意思，故为正确答案。其余三项与基本事实相悖。

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单选题 Unsought goods refer to__________.

A．items a consumer doesn't need
B．new items
C．life insurance
D．all the above

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单选题 From the following, choose the shopping goods that are considered as inherently different__________.

A．refrigerator
B．car
C．dishes
D．television set

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单选题 根据下面材料，回答题。
The larger a machine and the more numerous its parts, the greater likelihood of a breakdown and the more expensive to repair. What has been said about market forces and management was necessarily oversimplified. The economies of modem industrial nations are large and very complex.
To be sure, there is management, and there are market forces at work, but there are also many other factors that help or hinder economic function.
In modern industrial societies, governments play a large role. There is a great amount of regulation, most of it meant for the protection of the public. All regulations affect the way businesses operate, often increasing their costs and reducing their profits. Lower profits, in turn, reduce the amount of money which is known as working capital that a company can use for expansion. Auto emission standards, for instance, have had a significant impact on the manufacture and pricing of automobiles. Other government policies such as taxation, budget deficits, and regulation of the money supply have an effect on how much money is available for people to spend on goods and services.
International crises and other conditions also affect the working of an economy. A severe frost in Brazil can ruin a coffee crop and raise the price of that commodity. War can cut off the supply of such resources as petroleum, chromium, or copper. In the United States environmental protests have slowed the development of nuclear energy capacity and the mining of vast tracts of protected land. Weather affects agriculture, a hot, dry summer can damage the wheat crop; floods can destroy thousands of acres of crops suddenly; and insect pests can devastate cropland with a rapid onslaught.
People's attitudes also have an impact on the marketing of goods. Health-conscious individuals, for example, may stop smoking, curtail their intake of alcohol, and eat less of certain kinds of food. Advertising affects what people buy, and it can create a market where none existed. Style and fashion are significant for many consumers.
There are other economic problems that are more difficult to understand. For centuries economies have been subject to periods of prosperity followed by periods of decline. Although periods of prosperity can be explained rather easily, the reasons for panics, recessions, and depressions are of a complex nature. So many factors contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s, for example, that no economist has ever been able to account for all of them.
Because the causes of decline are uncertain, the remedies are equally uncertain. In the late 20th century all industrialized societies through their governments have tried to stabilize economies, keep them prosperous, and reduce unemployment. None of the remedies has worked to the extent that was hoped. How economies work and what remedies can be found to keep them operating efficiently are the tasks of economists, who must work together with businessmen and politicians.
The chief purpose of the passage is__________.

A．to review the factors that affect economic operation
B．to explore the causes of periodic economic decline
C．to discuss the role governments play in modern industrialized societies
D．to propose remedies for correcting economic recessions

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